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THE SITUATION AND OUR POLICY
AFTER THE VICTORY IN THE WAR OF
RESISTANCE AGAINST JAPAN *

August 13, 1945

These are days of tremendous change in the situation in the Far
East. The surrender of Japanese imperialism is now a foregone con-
clusion. The decisive factor for Japan’s surrender is the entry of
the Soviet Union into the war. A million Red Army troops are
entering China’s Northeast; this force is irresistible. Japanese im-
perialism can no longer continue the fight. The Chinese people’s
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hard and bitter War of Resistance is crowned with victory. As a
historical stage, the War of Resistance Against Japan is now over.
In these circumstances, what are the relations among the different
classes in China and what are the relations between the Kuomintang
and the Communist Party at present? What will they be like in
the future? What is the policy of our Party? These are questions
of great concern to the people of the whole country and to all members
of our Party.
What about the Kuomintang? Look at its past, and you can tell its
present; look at its past and present, and you can tell its future. In the
past, this party carried on a counter-revolutionary civil war for ten
whole years. During the War of Resistance it launched three large-
scale anti-Communist campaigns, in 1940, 1941 and 1943, each time
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attempting to develop the attack into a country-wide civil war. It was
only because of the correct policy adopted by our Party and the op-
position of the people of the whole country that its attempts failed.
As everyone knows, Chiang Kai-shek, the political representative
of China’s big landlords and big bourgeoisie, is a most brutal and
treacherous fellow. His policy has been to look on with folded
arms, wait for victory, conserve his forces and prepare for civil war.
Indeed, the victory he has been waiting for has arrived, and now

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